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Functions and Components of Building Automation Access Control Systems

2019-06-25

      Access control systems have become a standard feature in modern buildings, garnering increasing attention from users. In recent years, access control technology has advanced rapidly, evolving far beyond simple theft prevention. Below is an overview of the functions and components of contemporary building automation access control systems.


I. Functions of Building Automation Security Access Control Systems


Abnormal Alarm Function

      In abnormal situations, the system can trigger computer-based alerts or external audio-visual alarms via access control software—for example, in cases of unauthorized entry or doors left open beyond a set time. Depending on the specific system configuration, additional specialized functions may include:


      Anti-Passback: Commonly used in correctional facilities to prevent credential reuse.

      Anti-Tailgating: Prevents unauthorized individuals from following authorized personnel through a secured entry point.

      Interlocking (AB Door): Typically used in bank vaults; requires coordination with door magnetic contacts to ensure only one door can be opened at a time.

      Fire Alarm Integration: Automatically releases all electronic locks during a fire emergency to allow unobstructed evacuation routes.

      Multi-Credential Logic Opening: Requires multiple individuals to authenticate simultaneously (via card swipe or other methods) before the electric lock is released.


II. Components of Building Automation Security Access Control Systems

      Identification Module

      Sensors and Alarms

      Processing and Control Unit

      Electric Locks and Actuators

      Control Execution Mechanisms

      Wiring and Communication Infrastructure

      Management and Configuration Software


      The management software should utilize robust databases such as Microsoft SQL Server to ensure strong scalability and integration capabilities. Key features should include device management, personnel information management, badge printing, user authorization, operator permission management, alarm logging, event browsing, and electronic map visualization.


      Modern building automation security access control systems have matured significantly, achieving leapfrog development. Today, a wide variety of technologies are available, including RFID card, fingerprint, iris recognition, facial recognition, finger vein recognition, and scrambled keypad access control systems.


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